PDLC Technology

What is PDLC Technology?

PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) is the core technology behind switchable smart film and glass. Liquid crystal droplets are dispersed within a polymer matrix. When power is OFF, the crystals are randomly aligned, scattering light and creating a frosted privacy state. When power is ON, they align electrically, allowing light to pass through and making the glass transparent.


With fast switching, instant privacy, UV blocking and energy-saving benefits, PDLC provides a flexible solution for modern spaces. It is widely used in office partitions, meeting rooms, hotels, healthcare facilities, architectural glass and projection screens.


How It Works

Our streamlined 6-step introduction explains the core working principle of PDLC switchable film:

How It Works

01

Internal Composite Structure

Micro liquid crystal droplets are evenly dispersed within a polymer matrix, sandwiched between two transparent conductive layers.

02

Power Off State (Opaque)

Without electricity, liquid crystals arrange randomly. Light scatters, turning the film frosted and opaque for instant privacy.

03

Apply Electric Current

When voltage is applied, the electric field forms across the PDLC film’s conductive layers.

04

Liquid Crystal Alignment

Liquid crystal droplets rotate and line up along the electric field direction.

05

Power On State (Transparent)

Light passes straight through aligned crystals. The film becomes clear and transparent.

06

Reversible Switching

Cut off power, crystals return to random orientation. The film switches back to opaque repeatedly.

Our Advantages

We have a professional PDLC R&D and manufacturing team and extensive industry experience,providing you with full-service support from concept design to final delivery.

  • Superior Optical Performance

    Features high on-state transmittance, ultra-low haze and wide viewing angle, delivering crystal-clear sight from all directions.

  • Long Lifespan & Reliable Warranty

    Adopted premium Japanese raw materials, rigorous design & manufacturing process, delivering excellent temperature resistance and long-lasting durability.

  • Full Customization Available

    Support OEM customization, including custom sizes, special shapes, cutting and electrical parameters for architecture, commercial and automotive projects.

  • One-stop Technical & Project Support

    In-house R&D and manufacturing team, offering support from concept design to final delivery.

Related Products

Our streamlined 6-step customization process ensures efficiency, transparency, and quality at every stage:

Related Applications

FAQ

  • Q1:

    How transparent is PDLC Smart Film when switched on?

    A:

    The transparency of PDLC Smart Film depends on the film structure, materials and manufacturing technology. High-quality optical-grade PDLC can provide high visible light transmission and low haze when switched on. InnoGlass offers High Definition PDLC Smart Film designed to provide enhanced transparency and visual clarity for applications where optical performance is important.

  • Q2:

    Is PDLC Smart Film transparent when powered on or off?

    A:

    For conventional PDLC Smart Film, the film is transparent when powered on and becomes translucent or opaque when powered off. This allows users to switch between an open, transparent view and a private state instantly.

  • Q3:

    What is the difference between self-adhesive and non-adhesive PDLC Smart Film?

    A:

    Self-adhesive PDLC Smart Film features a dry-application silicone adhesive layer and can be directly applied to existing glass surfaces without replacing the original glass. It is especially suitable for renovation projects, office partitions, meeting rooms, doors and windows. Non-adhesive PDLC film is mainly designed for lamination into glass during the glass manufacturing process. The choice depends on the application, glass structure and installation requirements.

  • Q4:

    What is PDLC Smart Film and how does it work?

    A:

    PDLC Smart Film is a switchable privacy film that changes between transparent and opaque states when an electrical current is applied. When powered on, the liquid crystal molecules align to allow light to pass through, making the film transparent. When powered off, the molecules are randomly oriented, scattering light and making the film opaque for privacy.

  • Q5:

    What voltage does PDLC Smart Film require?

    A:

    The working voltage of PDLC Smart Film depends on the specific film design and product structure. AC 60V is currently one of the most commonly used operating voltages, while AC 48V and AC 110V are also available in the market.

    Before installation, always confirm the required operating voltage with your smart film supplier and use the appropriate power supply or transformer.

    Using an incorrect voltage may affect the performance of the film. If the voltage is too low, the film may not switch properly or achieve the required transparency. If the voltage is too high, it may cause dielectric breakdown and permanently damage the film.


  • Q6:

    How much power does PDLC Smart Film consume?

    A:

    PDLC Smart Film consumes electricity mainly when it is in the transparent state. Power consumption depends on the film size, operating voltage and product design,normally about 4W/sqm. Because the film is generally powered only when transparency is required, its overall energy consumption can be relatively low compared with continuously powered glass technologies.

  • Q7:

    Can PDLC Smart Film be installed on existing glass?

    A:

    Yes. Self-adhesive PDLC Smart Film is specifically designed for installation on existing flat glass surfaces. It is commonly used for office partitions, meeting rooms, doors, windows and other renovation applications without replacing the original glass.

  • Q8:

    How is self-adhesive PDLC Smart Film installed?

    A:

    Dry application: Ensure the glass surface is fully cleaned first. Align and position the self-adhesive film onto the glass directly. Slowly peel off the release liner while pressing the film onto the glass. Carefully squeeze out trapped air bubbles with a squeegee. Let the film settle fully before edge sealing and final testing. Correct installation is critical for a smooth, even finish.

  • Q9:

    How long does PDLC Smart Film last?

    A:

    The service life of PDLC Smart Film depends on film construction, electrical control system, installation quality, operating conditions and environmental exposure. Our PDLC smart film has passed relevant tests with a rated lifespan of 100,000 hours. High-quality PDLC film with proper installation and appropriate operating conditions can maintain stable long-term performance. Manufacturers should provide durability and accelerated aging test data for specific products.

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